Climate Network Analysis Detects Hot Spots under Anthropogenic Climate Change

Anthropogenic climate change poses a significant threat to both natural and social systems worldwide. In this study, we aim identify regions most impacted by using the National Centers for Environmental Prediction Center Atmospheric Research (NCEP-NCAR) reanalysis of near-surface daily air temperature data spanning 73 years (1948–2020). We develop novel network framework “hot spots”, that exhibit impact or characteristics. Specifically, use node degree, fundamental feature network, measure influence each region analyze its trend over time Mann–Kendall test. Our findings reveal majority land areas experiencing increasing degrees are more closely connected other regions, while ocean shows opposite due weakened oceanic circulations. particular, degree in central Pacific Ocean’s El Niño is significantly reduced. Notably, three spots” East Asia, South America, North Africa, respectively, with intensive fields. Additionally, find hot spot Asia teleconnected remote such as Pacific, Siberia, stronger teleconnections recent years. This provides new perspective assessing planetary impacts anthropogenic global warming. By framework, our study highlights vulnerable effects emphasizes importance understanding structures assess change.